“The only way to stop a bad guy with a gun is to oppose someone prize good with a gun.” While the debate on greater control of firearms was revived in the United States by the killing of Newtown, Connecticut, where bond 20 children and 6 adults were killed by an assailant 20 years heavily armed, it is with this argument shock Wayne LaPierre, vice schedule president of the National Association of weapon, the National Rifle Association (NRA), justified the need to arm teachers in schools. prize LaPierre also announced the establishment by organizing a “protection program” schools, called “National School Shield” (Shield for school) bond that has its website. Read: Arming teachers: after the massacre to Newtown, the idea made its way to the United States With four million prize bond schedule members and 11,000 instructors, the NRA has become one of the most powerful lobbies can influence American politics. However, prize bond when founded in 1871 by a lawyer and a former reporter for the New York Times, the NRA is principally engaged in the hunting and prize schedule shooting sports, tells Jill Lepore in the New Yorker. But since she has been involved in the field of political lobbying in 1968, she has bond schedule managed to impose the idea that the possession and carrying of weapons is a fundamental freedom free schedule of prize bond guaranteed by the second amendment, but also an act citizen. And, for twenty years, she has managed to block any effort to tighten the law prize on firearms. This political lobbying with state legislatures but also to Congress, the presidency and the courts, is operated by a half-dozen bond entities within the organization. It is funded by donors including from the conservative sphere and the arms industry. At a conference of the schedule  organization, the Violence Policy Center has identified the prize names of donors involved in this industry and their contributions, like Harlon Carter or Joe Foss, two former heads of the NRA who donated of bond millions of dollars to the organization. A convergence of interests that lead some commentators to ask, as Lee Fang in The Nation, if the NRA schedule is in favor of gun owners, mostly supporters today he considers greater gun control, or in favor of the defense industry, only interested in prize bond schedule selling their products? Read the report in English Blood Money the Violence Policy Center THE NRA KING MAKER A panel of the NRA in 2008 prize at the annual convention of the Association, Kentucky. Its first heyday, the NRA has experienced with the election of Republican Ronald bond Reagan in 1980. First president supported by the organization, Ronald Reagan Conservatives will allow the NRA to include in legislation the schedule interpretation of the second amendment, including the 1986 law on the protection of holders of firearms. From this date, the NRA prize systematically invest in financing politicians opposed to gun control. The political influence of the gun lobby has gained is such that it lends bond the defeat of Al Gore in the 2000 presidential election. The Democratic candidate had lost the states of Arkansas, New Hampshire and schedule Tennessee, where public opinion is overwhelmingly acquired pro-gun lobby. Instructed by this failure, the Democrats have therefore ceased to advocate for arms control, too dangerous in electoral terms. And in fact, Vincent prize bond schedule  Michelot analysis specialist in the United States at the Institute of Political Sciences of Lyon, “the carrying of arms is a very strong prize bond 200indicator of voting” with religious practice and the issue of abortion. Read: USA: 300 million firearms, 30 000 deaths per year The organization prize bond 750 excels in the Republican primary, where it is able to attract candidates competing for those candidates who have not taken a clear position prize bond 1500on gun control. “The NRA has a remarkable ability to intervene in the public space and its mobilization of political support. They never work prize bond 15000 alone. Ride When they see a politician who is prize bond 40000 against weapons, they will work with other groups conservative on issues of abortion, gay marriage, etc.., to propose an opponent man or prize bond 100 student bond woman in this policy. This has happened in the last elections in 1996, “Vincent Michelot analysis. OBAMA, THE MAN BREAKING The 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 president of the National Rifle Association – NRA David Keene. In its current president, David Keene, all these victories are fragile. Especially in the presence of President Barack Obama, who served from 1994 to 2002 on the board of the Joyce 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 Foundation in Chicago, which funds research and action gun control. Upon his arrival in May 2011 at the head of the NRA, the eminence grise of the Conservatives, who have told the ear of all Republican presidents, Barack Obama had made the man to beat in the 2012 presidential . See the portrait of David Keene on the website of the NRA The failure of the NRA for the 2012 elections was no 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 t limited to the presidential election. Six of the seven candidates in the senatorial elections in which the NRA is 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 financially committed were beaten. The NRA has detected an “anomaly” due to the strong participation of young voters mobilized by Obama in elections held the same day as the presidential election. “Under normal circumstances, we would have made a difference,” said David Keene, adding that the ideas defended by his group are still the majority in the House of Representatives and the Senate.  200 1500 700 100 15000 400000According to a Reuters-Ipsos poll conducted in April, 68% of Americans have a favorable view of the NRA. But Vincent Michelot analysis, “do not fantasize about one almighty NRA, which can block any initiative. NRA is effective to use the public debate for its purposes and to convey the idea that gun control is not a consensual solution. ” Moreover, he continues, “the NRA is not equally strong throughout the U.S.. There are states where gun culture is as strong in the South and on the other hand, some states where there is strong control. ” Influential among Democrats as Republicans in Texas, it has little anchorage in the north-eastern United States. “We can do the finger at the  200 1500 700 100 15000 400000NRA when you’re in New York, Oregon and Washington, but not in Florida, Virginia and Louisiana, where there is a strong tradition of bearing arms” Michelot says. It remains that in its sector, the NRA has no equivalent and must remain on the  200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 wearing of arms. Fragmented, his opponents are not weight. “We, on the one hand, the American left, mainly 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 urban, which says that the right to bear arms is not a human right and that the second amendment was perverted Vincent Michelot analysis. The second group is composed of law enforcement and national police who are concerned about weapons made to 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 kill the cops. ” If these two groups come together on this issue, they have not established organization 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 equivalent to the NRA. “The NRA thereby retains the monopoly of the rhetoric on this issue alone can shape the public debate,” says the researcher. UPCOMING FIGHTS The Obama administration seeks to circumvent the obstacle represented by the 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 NRA to introduce legislation for extended control of firearms. In the coming months, the NRA should once again feel its influence in the public sphere as political. After the killing of Newtown, President Obama prize bond schedule seems determined to impose a new 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 more restrictive legislation on arms control at the national level. Legislation bond schedule that the American public seems to be more favorable than ever. According to a survey published December 27 by USA Today, 58% of Americans are in favor of stricter laws on arms 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 sales, a sharp increase compared to October 2011, when only 43% of them adhered to this idea. Read: Obama working on an ambitious arms control and “Arms Control: Obama will have a limited policy space” On the international scene, 200 1500 700 100 15000 400000 the powerful gun lobby has mobilized its troops in anticipation of the resumption of negotiations in the UN General Assembly, which should lead to the first international treaty on the arms trade treaty (ATT). The NRA strongly opposes any international regulation of the arms trade, as it could provide a strong argument for imposing on the national territory